Legal Services to the Workers in the Unorganised Sector

NALSA (Legal Services to the Workers in the Unorganized Sector) Scheme, 2015

1.         Background

1.1    India economy dinhmuna thil langsar tak pakhat chu, inzawmkhawmna mumal nei lo nitina kuthnathawka ei zawngtute thawh chhuah hi a ni. The economic survey of India (2007-2008) leh National Sample Survey Unorganised sector (2009-2010) –te chhut dan chuan hna thawktu zawng zawng atanga 93-94% chu hemi sector-a ami hi an ni a, GDP-a hian 50% aia tam mah hi an thawh chhuah a ni.

1.2    Kuthnathawktute zinga a tam zawk (52 per cent) hi chu lo lam hnathawk an ni a. Kuthnathawh hmanga eizawnnain a huamte chu, in sak, dawr tenaua inhlawh, contractor hnuaia inhlawh, kutthemthiam, in lama hna thawh, ramhnuai atanga lak khawma ei zawng, sangha khawi, mahnia  eizawng entirnan -  rickshaw hnuh, auto driving, mutia leh a dangte hi a ni.

1.3    Kuthnathawktute danglamna chu labour law leh dan hrang hrang, hna tha tak tak thawkte tana pek, hnathawkte hamthatna leh venhimnate an hmang ve thei lo hi a ni. Kuthnathawktute hian intiamkamna an neih ve theih loh avangin chhawr nasat an hlawh phah thin a. Hmun hrehawm taka thawkin hlawh tlem tham tak, hna pangngai thawkte nena khaikhin phei chuan tlem tak an hlawh bawk a. Kuthnathawktute eizawnna hi hunbi nei anih avangin an hna hi sawi lawk theih a ni lo. Hemi avang hian hnathawktute hmundanga insawn a tihluar em em a; hei hian hna leh chenna in mumal tak a neihtir theih loh mai bakah an fate zirna thleng pawhin a nghawng. Khawpuiah chuan, in leh inthiarna tha pawh awm lohna hmun – slum area-ahte an khawsa thin a. Hriselna kawnga inenkawlna leh nau neih hamthatna, hna pangngai thawkte tana pek thin, chu an tan engmah ruahmanna a awm ve lo. Dan-in a siam tar chawmna, hriselna lama inenkawlna leh thih hnua tanpuina, inneih leh accident leh a dangte, entirnan - Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923; Employees State Insurance Act, 1948; Maternity Benefits Act, 1961; Industrial Dispute Act, 1974; Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972; Employee Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provision Act, 1952 leh a dangte hi an hmang ve thei lo va. Heng kan sawi takte nghawng chu, mi tam tak zingah nun zahthlak leh hnuaihnung takin a awm tir a ni.  

1.4    Existing Legal Frame Work

         Kut hnathawka ei zawng zingah chi hrang hrang awmin, hnathawhna hmun leh a dangte hi danah siam ni mahse, a hnuaia tarlan hovah chauh hian hman theiha siam a ni :-

●            Dock Workers (Regulation of Employment) Act, 1948;

●   Beedi and Cigar Workers (Conditions of Employment) Act,1966;

●   Inter-State Migrant Workmen (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1979;

●   Cine-Workers and Cinema Theatre Workers (Regulation of Employment) Rules, 1984;

●   Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996; 

●   Prohibition of Employment As Manual Scavengers And Their Rehabilitation Act, 2013.

1.5    Inhlawhfa thinte tana hamthatna pe turin Central Sawrkar pawhin dan siamin a hmingah Unorganised Workers Social Security Act, 2008 a ti a.  Heng scheme-te hi kuthnathawktute hamthatna atan Building and Construction Worker Act, 1996 leh Unorganised Workers Social Security Act, 2008-ah te hian theh darh a tul hle a ni.

2          Scheme for providing legal services.

2.1    A chunga kan sawi tak dan siam tlem te khi hnathawktute tan a tangkai lem lo, a chhan chu -

a)      The Social Security Act, 2008 hian scheme tana hmalak theihna tur engmah hmanrua a ngaihtuahsak loh bakah hnathawktute`n hamthatna an hmuh theihna turin ruahmanna tha siam a awm lo.

b)     State tlem te chauhin Social Security Board hi dinin Section 14 hnuaia sawi lawk angin dan an duang a. State tam takah chuan, welfare scheme te hi an hmang lova, scheme hi awm pawh nise, enkawlna mumal a awm lo. Chutiang bawkin, Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 hnuaia din ngei ngei tura tih Building and other Construction Worker Welfare Board pawh eng state mahin an din lo a ni. 

c)      State tam takin Building and Other Construction Workers Welfare Act, 1996 hnuaiah Cess (chhiah) la mahse, chhiah khawnte hi hnathawktute hamthatna atan hman a ni mang lo a. A chhan awm thei chu hnathawktute inziak lut tlem vang emaw in ziak lut sate tan hamthatna hi pawhsei anih lo vang emaw a ni thei. 

d)     Scheme leh hamthatna awmte hi puanzar a ni lo va.  Nitin inhlawhfate hi lehkha thiam lo leh inzawmkhawm mumal lo an nih avangin scheme chungchang hi an hre lo a ni.

e)      Social Security Act 2008 Section 19-in a sawi Workers Facilitation Centre hi eng state mahin an la din lo.

f)      Scheme hnuaia an hnathawkte ziak lut turin a chhawrtu/contractor ten mawhphurhna engmah an nei lo. Hei hi hnathawkte dil tur a ni a, amaherawhchu, an hriat loh vang leh a tih dan tur kalhmang (procedure) a chipchiar harsat em avangin an inziak lut ngai lo a ni.

g)      Scheme tin atan a hranga dil a ngaih avangin scheme zawng zawnga hamthatna hmu tur chuan hnathawktuten mamawh mahse an tan dil a harsa thin.

h)     Scheme hnuaia inziah luh hi hmun danga chhawm theih a ni lo, hnathawktu thenkhatte hi pem kual thin an nih avangin hamthatna hi an dawng thei lo thin a; chuvang chuan, scheme hnuaia in ziak luh hi an hreh thin a ni.

2.2    Legal Services Institutions ten scheme duangtu thuneitute leh hamthatna dawngtu turte inkar siamthat hna an thawk ang. Chu mi a tan chuan National Legal Services Authority chuan December ni 8, 2010 –a NALSA Central Authority meeting neihah chuan scheme a thlang chhuak a; chu chu, National Legal Services Authority (Legal Services to the Workers in the Unorganised Sector) Scheme, 2010 hi a ni.

2.3    Amaherawhchu, kum engemaw zat hnuah pawh he scheme huam chhunga hamthahtna dahte chu a mamawhtu tak takte tan hriatthiam hleihtheih loh a ni a. Tuna scheme siam thatte hi hemi chungchang tihlawhtling nana siam an ni.

PLV, Legal Services Clinics, Front Office, Panel Lawyers leh Retainer Lawyer-te hi National Legal Services Authority (Free and Competent Legal Services) Regulations, 2010 leh National Legal Services Authority (Legal Services Clinics), 2011 leh NALSA Scheme for Para Legal Volunteers (Revised) leh Module for the Orientation – Induction – Refresher Courses for PLV Training hnuaia mite nen inang khat vek an ni. 

3          Name of the Scheme

Scheme hmingah chuan “NALSA (Legal Services to the Workers in the Unorganized Sector) Scheme, 2015” tih a ni.

4          Objectives

1)     Nitin inhlawhfa zawng zawng tan dan lama tanpuina pek

2)     Dan siam/ruahman kawngah sawrkar thuneitu leh mipuite inkarah thawh hona tha siam.

3)     State Sawrkar leh District Adminstration hmangin nitin inhlawhfa zawng zawng te zawn chhuaha ziah luh leh sawrkar scheme zawng zawnga an dil theih hamthatna te hrilh hriat.

4)     Hlawhfa chhawrtute zingah hnathawkte chhawr dan, hlawh chungchang leh hamthatna chungchanga zirtirna pek.       

5)     Hnathawktute hnenah dan ding lai leh scheme hman meka an dil theih chungchang hrilh hriat.

6)     Chi hrang hranga inhlawhfa thinte hnenah an dil theih zawng scheme hnuaia inziak lut tura hrilh hriat leh tanpuina pek.

7)     An dil theih scheme, an inziah luhnaa hamthatna hmu ngei thei tura tanpui.

5          Guiding Principles

Inhlawhfa thinte tana scheme buatsaih laiin Legal Service Institution-in a hnuaia mi ang hi an zawm tur a ni -

5.1    India Constitution Preamble hian India khua leh tui zawng zawngte dinhmun leh hun remchang neih thua intluk tlanna a tiam a; tin, mimal zahawmna a tiam bawk a. Article 42-ah chuan State Sawrkar chuan hna dik leh tha siam tur leh nau neih chhawmdawlna pekna turin dan a siam tur a ni, a ti a. Article 43-ah chuan hnathawktu zawng zawngten an hnathawhna kawngah an him theihna atan te, nun pangngai tak an hman theihna atan te, an hunawl nuam taka an hman theihna atan te, leh khawtlanga an in hman theihna atan State tinte chu a phut tlat a ni.

5.2    Kuthnathawktute dikna zahsak a ni em tih chian a nih hma chu preamble-ah mimal zahawmna chawikansak tum a nihna hi a hlawhtling thei dawn lo a ni.

5.3    Inhlawhfa thinte hi India khua leh tui an nih angin hnathawh theihna dan an nei a, nuamsa taka hna thawh, hlawh, nau neih tanpuina leh midang ang bawka khawsak theihna an nei ve a ni. Legal Services Authorities-te hian he Constitution-a thil inziakte tihlawhtling tura hnathawh hi an tih makmawh a ni a. Legal Services Authorities-te hian rorelna kal zelah endik hna an thawk ang.

5.4    Sawrkarin dan emaw scheme emaw hmanga mipui hamthatna tura a thil tihte chuan, hlawkna hmutu emaw chantu emaw te chu an dikna leh an thil hmuh theihte hre bel turin a duh a. He thil hi inhlawhfa tan chuan hriat a harsa thei a, chuvangin Legal Services Authority- ten hrilhfiahin an pui ang.

5.5    Intel khawm mumal lo hnathawktu pawlte hi, an tamna leh awm darhsarhna hian dan lama tanpuina an dawn hi a titul lehzual a. Hun tawk fang atan hnathawhna hmun, hnathawh theihna chakna leh beih fan fanna te hi, anmahni ngeiin constitution hnuaia an dikna chanvo an hmuh theih nan an mamawh a ni.

Plan of Action

6          Setting up of Special Cell

6.1    Hnathawktute hnenah dan lama tanpuina tawngkai zawk pek a nih thieh nan, State Legal Services Authorities (SLSA) tin ten special cell an din tur a ni. He cell hi, panel lawyer pakhat Labour Law lama thiamna bik nei te, counselor/consultant pakhat hetiang lama thiamna bik nei te, a remchan chuan NGO aiawh te leh Para Legal Volunteers, SLSA lamin an ruat ten an enkawl ang.

6.2    Special cell hnathawh tur chu :

i)       Hnathawktute tan Legal Awareness/Literacy programme, training leh seminar-te buatsaih.

ii)      Scheme a, hnathawktute ziah luh leh an hamthatna tur tih zauna kawnga inziah luh leh tul dang ah sawrkar thuneitu te nen a thawhho.

iii)     Scheme a hamthatna awmte chang thei tura hnathawktute inziah luhna tur application form dahkhah, tih fel leh theh luh kawnga tanpui.

iv)     Court emaw thuneitu dangte emaw lakah hnathawktuten phut an neih in emaw venhimna an mamawhin emaw, dan lam tanpuina lo pek.

v)      Thildang eng pawh State Authority-in tul a tih apiang.

6.3    Special cell chu Member Secretary emaw Authority-a officer tuemaw ber, State Authority ruat kaihhruaina hnuaia thawk tur a ni a, an hnathawh chungchangah a khat tawkin report a pe thin tur a ni.

6.4    Cell-a memberte chu an hnathawh dan azirin lawmman pek thin tur a ni a, a zat chu State Authority-in a bituk ang.

7          Identification of Unorganised Workers

7.1    Legal Services Institutions-te hna hmasa ber tur chu an area chhunga awpkhawm fel loh hnathawktute zat (tam lam),  Labour Department/ Social Welfare Department-te data hmanga hriat a, a tul chuan anmahni emaw dan zirlaite nen emaw an huam chhunga NGO-te nen emaw tang kawpa survey buatsaih.

7.2    He hna thawh lai hian naupang chhawr emaw mi chhawr luih emaw an awm leh awm loh zawng chhuak turin theih tawp chhuah tur a ni, hetiang mi hi hmuh chhuah a nih chuan, Legal Services Authorities te`n thuneitute hriattirin Bonded Labour Sysytem (Abolition) Act 1976, The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act 1986 leh Juvenile Justice Act, 2000 hnuaia sawi angin chhanchhuah, thlah zalen leh siamthat hna an thawk ang.

7.3    State tina area, mihring tam zawng leh thil dang azirin State Authority ten category hrang hrangte zawn chhuah dan tur an duang ang.

8          Conditions of work and minimum wages

            State leh District Legal Service Authorities te chuan State leh District Administration leh local NGO-te nena tangkawpin inhlawfa thinte tan a bikin, hnathawh dan leh hlawh chungchangah dan siam a tul em tih an en fiah ang. Entirnan, in lama hnathawk, intel khawm mumal lo pawlte tan hian a tul chuan dan siamsak turin State Legal services Authority ten hma an la ang.

9          Setting up of State Social Security Board and Building & Other Construction Workers Welfare Boards

Social Security Board and Building & Other Construction Welfare Boards la din lohna apiangah State Legal Services Authority chuan State Sawrkar nen an thawk dun ang a, a tul chuan, Executive Chairman, SLSA hnen atanga phalna la-in a rang thei ang bera board din tur hian High Court-ah Public Interest Litigation a theh lut ang.

10       Utilisation of Cess

State Legal Services Authorities chuan Building and Constructions Workers Welfare Boards thawhpuiin an chhiah lakte chu fix deposit-in an dah em tih an enfiah ang a; scheme azirin hamthatna mamawhtu hnathawktute tan hman a ni em tih te an enfiah bawk ang. State Authorities ten board atangin chanchin kimchang an la ang a, hnathawktute hnenah hamthatna hmu thei turin an tanpui ang a, hamthatna hmu thei turin board te nen an thawk ho ang.

Hnathawktute hnena hamthatna hi pek duh lo an awm anih chuan, Special Cell for Unorganised Workers kal tlangin State Legal Services Authority-in dan hmanga chinfel dan tur a ngaihtuah ang.

11       Government Schemes under the statues

            Hna hrang hranga inhlawhfa thinte tana scheme siam theuhte hriattir turin Legal Services Authority-in State Sawrkar a ngen ang. A tul chuan hei hi Executive Chairman phalna in Public Interest Cases kaltlangin a tih theih ang.

12       Legal Awareness

12.1  Chi hrang hranga inhlawhfa thinte hriat kim hnuah, an tana scheme-te leh hamthatna chungchangah legal awareness buatsaih a ni ang. The special cells for unorganized workers ten hemi chungchangah legal literacy camp an buatsaih ang, duhthusamah chuan an hnathawhna hmunah emaw community centre leh a dangah te.

12.2  State Legal Services Authority ten hnathawktute tana scheme awm te, dil thei chin leh he hamthatna hmuhna atana inziah luh dan kimchang awmna booklet/pamphlet-te an buatsaih ang.  He booklet/pamphlet-te hi Front Office zawng zawng, Legal Services Clinics leh Special Cell-ah te a copy dah a ni ang a; tichuan, legal awareness/literacy programme-ah te sem thin a ni ang.

12.3  A chunga sawi takte hi Doordarshan, All India Radio leh Community Radio kal tlanga theh darh tur a ni.

12.4  State chhunga Labour and Social Welfare Department hnenah Legal Services Institution-te telephone number leh helpline number leh Special Cell-a memberte te tar lang tura ngen nise.

13       Specialised Training for PLVs

            State Legal Services Authority ten para legal volunteers-te tan a bik taka training neihpuiin anmahni huam chhunga inhlawhfate tana sawrkarin scheme hrang hrang a duan chungchang a thlur bing ang. PLV ten hnathawktute zirtir chhawnga, hamthatna hrang hrang hmu thei tura tanpui thei tur leh hnathawktu, hamthatna mamawhtuten an hmuh ngei theihna tura thuneitute dawr thei turin training hi pek tur a ni.

14       Workers Facilitation Centres

            Act 2008 Section 9 hnuai a tarlan angin worker’s facilitation centre din turin State Legal Services Authority-in State chhunga Labour Department  a thawhpui ang. He centre-a dah tura a bik taka training pek PLV/NGO-te enkawl turin legal services clinics an din thei bawk ang.

15       Decent Working Conditions

            Dan thenkhat, Building and Other Construction Workers (Conditions of Service) Act leh Beedi and Cigar Workers Conditions of Employment Act te hi heng lama hnathawk thinte tana dan siam a ni. Thil dang atana chhawr thin tan dan siam ni chiah lo mahse, an hlawh leh chhawr dan kawngah uchuak taka chet phal a ni lo.

            State Legal Services Authority-in dan zirlaite leh NGO remchangte thawhpuiin hlawhfa ruai thinten an mi chhawrte hnenah hemi atana dan siamte zawmin hnathawh tur tha an siamsak em tih a enfiah ang.

16       Seminars for Employers

            State Legal Services Authority leh Special Cell for Unorganized sector ten hlawhfa la thintute tihtur leh an mi chhawrte laka an thil tih puitlin tur chungchangah seminar a buatsaih ang.

17       Rehabilitation Schemes

            Dan thenkhat, Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabiliation Act, 2013 Section 13-na te hian, hnathawktute chhawmdawlna chungchang an sawi a. State Legal Services Authority-in State a thuneitute nen emaw, amahin emaw, NGO-te kaltlangin emaw a chunga danin a sawi angin hnathawktute tan chawmdawlna (rehabilitation) scheme a duang ang.

18       Legal Assistant and Legal Representation

            Special Cell for Unorganized Workers chuan, a tul dan azirin inhlawmkhawm fel lo hnathawktute hnenah Court emaw thuneitu dang engpawh emaw hmaa dinsaktu hmangin dan lam tanpuina an pe ang.